Measurements of antibodies in bodily fluids have provided robust and reproducible results for decades and such assays have been validated for monitoring of B-cell immunity.

In contrast, measuring T-cell immunity has proven to be a challenge due to the need to test live cells in functional assays ex-vivo. Several previous efforts looking into the reproducibility of ex-vivo T-cell assays between different laboratories, or even within the same laboratory, have provided rather discouraging results.

The hypothesis CTL tested in this study is that those poor results are due to the lack of assay and data analysis standardisation, rather than the inherent complexity of T-cell assays.

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